pdf № 280, April

DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-3-9

The results of section analysis of more than 500 wells located in the Verkhnekamskoye salt deposits area have been presented. The presence of several wedge-shaped layers of sandstones was revealed on the basis of the correlation of these sections. The maps of the percentage content of sand materials were constructed on the basis of the information on the thickness of clastic sediments in the terrigenous-carbonate stratum. The ancient removal cones of the terrigenous material were identified, the evolution of their development was traced.

The mineralogical and petroclastic composition of sandy rocks was classified. The relationship between the sedimentary basin and the geodynamic conditions of feeding provinces was established on the basis of the clastic component ratio. The complex of the results allowed us to reconstruct paleogeographic and tectonic conditions for the accumulation of sandy deposits of the Solikamsk Horizon of the Lower Permian.

Keywords: Pre-Urals Foredeep, the Solikamsk basin, ufimian deposits, sedimentation, sandstones, limestones, paleotectonics.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-10-18

Composition, genesis, morphology and age of the end moraine formations are topical problems in Quaternary geology of the Kola region. During the field works in summer 2017, the ridge, included in internal part of the end moraine belt of Western Terskie Keivy, was investigated. Morphological features of the ridge were identified. There are asymmetrical slopes, flat summit, roll-shaped topography on the eastern slope. Composition of the ridge was studied in 3 natural outcrops and 3 open test pits. Geological, structural and geomorphological methods were used. The studied ridge is composed of glacial (ablation and lodgement tills) and fluvioglacial deposits, with folded till in its core. Structural features of the glacial units testified to that the glacier moved from south-west to north-east. Forming stages of the ridge, its coinciding with marginal zone and dynamic peculiarity of the Belomorskii Lobe of the Last Glaciation was recognized according to the geological structure and surface morphology of the studied ridge.

Keywords: end moraine, ridge with push moraine basement, till, fluvioglacial deposits, structural method, glacial morphogenesis.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-19-25

Agates are unique hydrothermal formations, their genesis is not clear. To clarify the formation conditions we studied geochemical features of agate occurrences of Kuzbass (Saltykovsky ridge, v. Kliuchi and Tersiuk area) using ISP-MS. We present new data on the content of rare earth elements. Two types are geochemically distinguished 1) Tersyukskij and 2) Saltykovskij (including deposits in v. Kliuchi ). The second type is notable for higher concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, V, Co. The values of Eu anomalies vary from 0.3 (v. Kliuchi) to 9.3 (area Tersiuk). Occurring sometimes layer-by-layer alternation of Eu maxima minima testifies to the variability of the redox potential and the stages of the process. In the samples from Tersiuk area we observed high content of U relative to Th, which indicates U transport and accumulation by fluids. The second type is dominated by Th. The presence of two geochemical types can be associated different stages, generations, with different saturation fluids forming micro-trace the content of the agate.

Keywords: agate, chalcedony, REE, Kuzbass, ICP-MS, laser ablation, x-ray analysis.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-26-33

The article is devoted to an important problem — the conditions for the formation of a void space of terrigenous reservoirs. The results of a study of the material composition of the Lower Triassic terrigenous deposits of the north of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province are presented. Optical and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis were used to determine the mineral composition of deposits. The morphological types of kaolinite are distinguished, the effect of sedimentation conditions on the character of its distribution along the section and on the area is shown. The influence of clay minerals on the capacitive properties of Early Triassic reservoir.

Keywords: kaolinite, lower Triassic, reservoir properties, hydrocarbons, porosity and permeability.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-34-39

In this paper new crystalline materials were developed with pronounced electromagnetic properties, derived from titanium minerals, on the base of Academician N. P. Yushkin concept about mineralogical geomaterial science.

Titanium minerals (rutile, anatase, ilmenite and others) are carriers of useful components (elements) and unique structures (nanotubes, nanocomposites and others). Titanium minerals were modified by hydrothermal method. The doping of TiO₂ with silver was realized by sol-gel methods. The modified nanotubes of titanium dioxide by nitrogen and acid treatment were realized to study the influence of parameters (temperature, time of hydrothermal alkaline treatment, acid influence at washing, etc.) over nanomaterials properties.

The characterization of minerals and synthesis products was realized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), TEM, SEAD, EDAX, X-ray fluorescence method, atomic force microscope (AFM), etc. We revealed the nature of the phases and the degree of crystallinity of TiO₂-Ag nanocomposites with controlled particle sizes and electronic characteristics.

Nanotubes made of TiO₂ are an alternative material for waveguides with high data flow rates, compared to the materials used in fiber technology.

Keywords: titanium minerals, nanotubes, nanostructures, nature-like technologies, electromagnetic properties.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-40-44

Transformation of carbonate matter of a target during impact process remains poorly studied. Phase changes in silicate sedimentary rocks with a high proportion of carbonate matter, as well as limestones with clay and carbonaceous components, are largely unexplored. For the first time an experimental work to simulate an impact process with a short-pulse laser action to bituminous clay limestone to determine the nature of phase transformations was performed. During the action of the laser pulse on the target material we reached temperatures (2200 K) and pressures (24 GPa) which were close to the calculated formation conditions data of large impact structures. Melting and recrystallization of the carbonate melt with formation of intermediate phases and calcite were experimentally established. Formation of impact glass from the clay constituent of the protolith were revealed, and transformation of the carbonaceous substance were produced.

Keywords: impact process, carbonate substance, glass, transformation, laser treatment, Raman spectroscopy.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-4-45-48

The hydrocarbon composition of a number of oil samples from Silurian and Lower Devonian and Lower Carboniferous deposits in the northern part of the Timan-Pechora Basin was investigated by gas chromatography and chromatography-mass spectrometry. A feature of the distribution of n-alkanes in these oils is the presence of maximums in C₁₇ and C₁₉ hydrocarbons. This is one of the characteristic features of the oils formed from organic matter by the remains of the problematic organism G. Prisca, characteristic of Ordovician sediments of the Ordovician age (Kukersite). Experimental modeling of the thermal maturation of the Baltic Kukersite confirmed the obtained results.

Keywords: Timano-Pechora basin, oil, biomarkers, G.Prisca, Ordovician.

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