pdf № 284, August

DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-3-7

New data on age and composition of the upper part of Upper Visean — Lower Permian petroleum-bearing formation are considered. The study area comprises the Inta area (Inta-2 and Inta-16 boreholes) and the southern part of Tchernyshev Ridge (Izyayu River section). Bioclastic carbonates compose the Serpukhovian, Middle Carboniferous, and Lower Permian parts of the sequence dated with conodonts. Data on conodonts from the Lower Artinskian carbonates are considered in this region for a first time. Conodont alteration indexes suggest mesocatagenesis (MK1-2) of the upper part of Upper Visean — Lower Permian petroleum-bearing formation. The apocatagenesis (AK) is supposed for the lower part of the formation.

Keywords: stratigraphy, Timan-Pechora Province, Kosyu-Rogovaya Depression, Carboniferous, Lower Permian.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-8-12

This paper assumes the study of the structure of the organic mass of coals in the Vorkuta region and its comparison with the structure of the hypercoals and organic matter of the residue obtained from them by the methods of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis-chromatography-mass spectrometry. Judging by the TGA data, the largest weight loss at lower temperatures is typical for hypercoals. We found that the ratio of aliphatic and aromatic components of the pyrolyzate contents was not the same for coals and hypercoals. The organic substance of the hypercoals produces more phenanthrenes in pyrolysis compared to naphthalenes and n-alkanes than the original coal and residue, and for the organic matter of the residue, the greatest ratio of n-alkanes / phenanthrenes in pyrolysis products is characteristic.

Keywords: coal of Vorkuta region, hypercoal, pyrolysis, chromatography-mass spectrometry, TGA.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-13-19

The results of optical-spectroscopic studies of olivine inclusions in diamonds from kimberlite pipes «Zapolyarnaya», «Komsomolskaya-Magnitnaya», «Botuobinskaya», «Yubileynaya», «Komsomolskaya», «Aikhal» and «Mir» of the Yakutsk diamondiferous province are presented to establish signs of syngenetic and protogenetic growth in relation to the host mineral. Diamonds with inclusions of olivine were represented by crystals of type I according to the classification of Yu. L. Orlov. According to Raman spectroscopy data residual pressure in diamonds are determined. The criteria for the syngeneity of olivines have been determined based on Raman spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy of diamonds.

Keywords: diamonds, inclusions, kimberlites, оlivines, Raman spectroscopy, IR-spectroscopy.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-20-25

By the methods of homogenization, cryometry, gas chromatography and Raman spectroscopy we have studied fluid inclusions in quartz of conformable and intersecting veins of Yarotashor gold placer composed of Precambrian highly metamorphosed rocks. Based on the obtained data, three main stages of quartz formation were identified. The first stage was related to the formation of fine-crystalline quartz of conformable veins, which had occurred at temperatures of 255—380 °C. The ore-forming solutions contained sodium and magnesium chlorides, the salinity of the solutions was up to 14 wt. % NaCl eq. In the gas phase, the dominant role was often played by nitrogen ore carbon dioxide. The second stage was confined to the beginning of the formation of coarse-crystalline quartz of intersecting veins, also developed in conformable veins. Crystallization of quartz occurred at temperatures of 310—385 °C. The ore-forming solutions contained sodium and magnesium chlorides with impurities of other salts, the salinity of the solutions was up to 12.5 wt. % NaCl eq; carbon dioxide and nitrogen predominated in the gas phase. The second stage was associated with the transformation of coarse-crystalline grained quartz of intersecting veins, which had occurred at lower temperatures (200—225 °С). The mineral-forming solutions were enriched with carbon dioxide. On the basis of the obtained data, the final stage of formation of quartz of intersecting veins can be considered as potentially gold productive.

Keywords: fluid inclusions, vein quartz, gold placer, Subpolar Urals.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-26-33

Impact diamonds are traditionally considered as paramorphs after graphite, those have been confirmed by numerous experiments. In the 1970s and 1980s, a list of after-coal impact carbon phases in shock-metamorphosed rocks of the Kara astrobleme had been discovered. In this paper we present for the first time the results of the study of carbon phases in after-coal impact aggregates using high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The features of the after-coal impact diamonds growths with accompanying carbon phases are revealed. A possible model of transformation of carbonaceous matter by impact process is discussed.

Keywords: high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, polyphase carbon aggregate, Kara astrobleme (Pay-Khoy), impact metamorphism, transformation.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-34-38

Study results of fluorite from Safyanovkoe massive sulfide ores deposit, obtained by X-ray exited luminescence methods, are presented. Intensive bands of own lattice defects and impurity Eu²⁺-ions, and also line systems of variable impurity isomorphic TR³⁺-ions with different types of charge compensators were found out in X-ray exited luminescence spectra. For the first time data about presence of oxygen-containing (trigonal) Gd³⁺–O^2--defects in structure of fluorite of Safyanovkoe deposit are showed. In the opinion of the authors, the occurrence of oxygen-bearing defects in fluorite indicate its crystallization from hydrothermal solutions, having relation with hydrospheric subsurface waters, that were containing a free oxygene.

Keywords: fluorite, X-ray exited luminescence spectra, impurity TR³⁺-ions, types of charge compensators, Gd³⁺–O^2--defects, Safyanovkoe massive sulfide ores deposit, genesis.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-39-45

The study of technogenic deposits is determined by the need for their processing as an additional source of mineral raw materials. For these purposes, it is necessary to generalize the experience of researching similar objects and to identify the main geological-industrial types for priority work.

The object of the study is technogenic deposits of black, nonferrous and noble metals of the Urals region.

Possible geological and industrial types of technogenic deposits are identified. The basis for this was the research data carried out in recent years. The main geological-industrial types of technogenic deposits are examined by the example of the Urals and other regions of Russia. The main ones for ferrous metals are tailing dumps and slag dumps, for non-ferrous metals, a significant part of which are complex (Cu, Zn, Au, Ag) — rock dumps, sludge dumps and slag dumps. For precious metals, were chosen as geological and industrial types dumps of enclosing rocks, technogenic placers and tailings.

Keywords: technogenesis, technogenic deposits, geological-industrial types, black, non-ferrous and noble metals.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2018-8-46-50

A method of typization of irregular spatial tilings that uses the Hardy — Weinberg equilibria, as well as algebraic quadratic and cubic forms is suggested in the article. The proposed approach affects the problems of many natural sciences, but seems to be more effective in petrography to classify the rock textures. The textures are suggested to belong to the same class if they have the indicatrices of the same topological type.

Keywords: irregular spatial tilings, Hardy — Weinberg equilibrium, algebraical quadratic and cubic forms.

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