pdf № 292, April

DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-3-10

We studied Middle–Late Miocene sediments on the example of representative section in the South part of Ashkadar-Sukhaylya Neogene bed. The first data of mineralogical-geochemistry investigations of Miocene limnic sediments of Saitovo sand-gravel deposit were presented. In the section of quarry of deposit two gravel-pebble and two silt-sandy packs were distinguished. The rocks were mainly composed of quartzite clasts (to 95 %). In the fine fractions of sands with X-Ray diffraction method clay minerals were found: kaolinite, chlorite, illite. The accumulation of gravel-pebble packs reflected formation through tectonically active setting of source of detritus. During stagnant tectonic settings fine-clastic rocks were formed through destruction of coarse material and as well as through other sources (ancient kaolin/illite weathering crusts). High value of chemical weathering index (Al₂O₃/(A_l2O₃+CaO+Na₂O+K₂O)_molec 100 = 90) of rocks indicated their formation under warm humid conditions of climate. Completed investigation allowed not only to characterize Miocene sediments source of detritus, but also to define the pre-Urals Miocene geology history.

Keywords: Southern pre-Urals, Miocene, sand-gravel sediments, granulometric constitution, quartzites, clay minerals, lithochemistry.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-11-16

In the light of new geological data, it became necessary to rethink the genetic interpretation of a set of textures of deep-water sediments of the Yugor Peninsula.

In the paper, the textural features of rocks of some stratigraphic units of the Paleozoic age (Hengur, Talbeytiviss, Sopcha and Livanov formations) of the shale zone of the northeastern Pay-Khoy were considered, lithotypes were identified and characterized. The subject of the research was the diagnosis of a number of local stratons and the refinement of the genetic interpretation of their lithological differences according to a characteristic set of textures in isolated outcrops. The lithologic-genetic types of the deep-water sediments under consideration were identified on the basis of structural-genetic analysis (lithotypes xa, xb, xc) using an idealized sedimentation model in epicontinental basins (by M. Irwin, with additions by S. Shishlov).

The interpretation of a specific set of textures of various lithotypes of Paleozoic sections was clarified, which made it possible to obtain new information on the conditions of sedimentation of the formations of Pay-Khoy paleobasin. For the first time, a detailed morphological characteristic and genetic interpretation of the structural-textural features of the Ordovician-Early Devonian formations of the Pay-Khoy Shale zone are proposed.

The problems of genetic interpretation of textures arose during investigation of the majority of not only Paleozoic deposits, but also recent ones.

Keywords: Pay-Khoy, textures, Paleozoic, deep-water deposits, formation, loop, lithotype.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-17-24

Determination of petrographic composition of glacial deposits is necessary for reliable definition of glacial cover dynamics and till facies. This study considered petrographic composition of boulder, pebble and gravel fractions of different till facies composing the ridge with push moraine basement near the Moseevo Village and the moraine plain adjacent from the west. 16 main groups of rocks and minerals were defined in these tills. Petrographic composition of different till facies as well as till compositions of the ridge and the adjacent moraine plain were compared. The basal till of the ridge with push moraine basement was characterized by association of source rocks from the west and north-west of the study area. The ablation till of the ridge was saturated by debris of underlying bedrocks in the vicinity. Petrographic composition features of different till facies allowed to determine changing of glaciodynamic and thermodynamic conditions on the ice-bed contact. The east- and north-eastward debris transport and effect of raised crystalline basement of the Turii Peninsula on the glacier dynamic was defined

Keywords: till, petrographic composition, glacial erosion, glacial movement directions, boulders, pebbles, gravels.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-25-28

A new Tournaisian (Early Carboniferous) conodont Siphonodella puchkovi sp. nov. is described from the shallow-water clayey-carbonate deposits of the Pechora-Kozhva Uplift (Pechora Plate). Morphologically Siphonodella puchkovi is similar to its ancestral species Siphonodella quasinuda Gagiev, Kononova et Pazuhin but differs from it by longer outer rostral ridge, platform outline, and rounded posterior tip of platform. The new species occurs in the L. crenulata Zone (carinata local zone) of the middle Tournaisian, and is known from the Timan-Pechora and Donets basins. Together with Siphonodella carinata and Hindeodus cristulus the new species is characteristic of this zone in the shallow-water facies.

Keywords: conodonts, new species, Lower Carboniferous, Tournaisian, Timan-Pechora Basin

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-29-37

The results of a geological and mineralogical study of the occurrence of high-grade metamorphised carbonaceous matter in the Lower Silurian dolomites on the Kozhim River in the Subpolar Urals were presented. The forms of finding occurrence the carbon substance, chemical and isotopic compositions and the morphology of its excretions were determined. We established that the carbonaceous matter was an analogue of shungite carbon of widely known occurrences of Karelia (Shunga, Maxovo, Chebolaksha) by the composition and structural characteristics. The widespread development of shungite-like carbon in the vein mineralization and enclosing dolomites was found. In the veins of the macroscopic shungite-like carbon, there was a paragenetic connection with the calcite-dolomite mineralization. We suggested that the most favorable conditions for the formation of the shungite-like carbon had existed in the Late Permian — Early Triassic.

Keywords: shungite-like carbon, carbon isotopy, Subpolar Ural.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-38-41

Recent studies have shown increasing in the content of D-amino acids in the proteins of various tissues of the human body in the process of aging. It is known that significant changes in the balance of L- and D-amino acids are observed in various pathological processes. One of the most common pathologies in the human is urolithiasis, in the genesis of which there are still many questions.

The purpose of this work is to identify D-forms of amino acids in uroliths and a comparative analysis of their contents depending on the mineral composition of urinary stones and human age. 19 samples of uroliths of mono- and polymineral composition were studied, in which whewellite, weddellite, struvite, newberiite, uric acid, carbonate-hydroxylapatite were identified. The chronological age of people who provided pathogenic biominerals was 22–75 years.

Acid hydrolysis in 6 M HCl at 105 °C for 12 hours was used to isolate individual amino acids from uroliths. Identification and quantification of the enantiomers of amino acids was carried out by gas chromatography (chromatograph GC-17A, Shimadzu, column Chirasil-L-Val).

In the studied uroliths, D-forms are established for three amino acids: alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid. Research results have shown that there is a relationship between the ratio of D and L amino acids and the mineral component of uroliths. It is noted that the maximum content of D-aspartic acid is characteristic of oxalic stones. In the presence of impurities of calcium oxalate crystals (wevellite and or weddellite) in phosphate and urate uroliths, elevated values of D-Asp are observed. In this connection, an assumption was made about an increase in the degree of racemization of the aspartic acid in the presence of oxalic acid ions in pathogenic biomineral formations.

Keywords: uroliths, L- and D-enantiomers, amino acids, aspartic acid, biomineral.

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DOI: 10.19110/2221-1381-2019-4-42-48

Data on mineral composition of initial raw materials and products of chemical-metallurgical processing with diagnostics of all mineral phases, quantitative assessment of contents, occurrence forms of a useful component in the studied product allowed to predict the choice of technology for extraction of useful components, as well as technological indicators of ore processing. The potential sources of zirconium, niobium and rare-earth products were ores of the Tomtorskoe deposit, the Chuktukonskoye deposit and the Algamin ore occurrence. Various pyro-hydrometallurgical schemes of processing of mineral raw materials were presented.

Keywords: technological mineralogy, hydrometallurgical technologies, pyrometallurgical technologies, sintering, leaching.

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