pdf № 370, October

DOI: 10.19110/geov.2025.10.1

The study focuses  on intrusive rocks of the Main Ural Fault zone. This article provides a novel description of their petrogeochemical features. It has been established that diorites, diorite-porphyrites, monzodiorites, and monzonite-porphyry are products of a single melt. The following methods are used for petrological and geochemical characterization: X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and numerical modeling using the Rhyolite-Melts software package. The studied rocks were formed by melting of metasomatized lithospheric mantle, with amphibole fractionation being the primary subsequent petrogenetic process. Our studies have established that the intrusive formations of the Balbuk area, developed within the Miass urban district, formed 350—335 million years ago and represent monzonitoid magmatism in the Magnitogorsk megazone of the Southern Urals during the Visean period. However, they are not genetically related to the gabbro-monzonite-granite Balbuk complex. We assume that the studied intrusive bodies were formed during the collision of the Eastern European continent and the Kazakhstan microcontinent.

Keywords: Balbuk areal, monzodiorites, monzonite-porphyry, petrogeochemistry, thermodynamic modelling, Carboniferous

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DOI: 10.19110/geov.2025.10.2

We review published literature on the Chernyshev Ridge geological studies. Based on the historical and recent data analysis, a brief overview of the Silurian deposits is provided. The reservoir properties of carbonate rocks and their capacity characteristics, hydrocarbon potential, are considered. Priority zones for the exploration of possible hydrocarbon accumulations in the ridge are proposed.

Keywords: Silurian, carbonate reservoir rocks, hydrocarbon potential, Chernyshev Ridge

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DOI: 10.19110/geov.2025.10.3

Ash-free hypercoals have been obtained from coal sludge from the Inta mining and processing plant and coal from the Vorgashorskoye field by dissolving in N-methylpyrrolidone at elevated temperatures and pressures to establish structural features. The yield of extracts is 79 and 68 %, respectively. The analysis of the initial samples and the obtained products is carried out using the methods of elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and pyrolytic GC/MS. It is shown that the obtained ash-free extracts have a similar chemical structure, despite the different maturity of the initial coals. According to the data of the TGA-DTG analysis, the nature of decomposition of the organic matter of the initial coal and the obtained extracts is shown.

Keywords: hard coal, coal sludge hypercoal, extraction with N-methylpyrrolidone, thermogravimetry, elemental composition

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DOI: 10.19110/geov.2025.10.4

The typomorphic features and chemical composition of chromespinelides from the Quaternary aquatic sediments of the Keltmin Buried Canyon in the southeastern Komi Republic have been studied for the first time. It has been established that the chromespinelides are characterized by predominantly rounded and octahedral grain shapes with pronounced traces of mechanical surface wear and signs of corrosion. Chemically, the grain cores are composed predominantly of aluminochromites, chrompicotites, chromites, and subferrialuminochromites, while the outer rims are composed of more ferrous varieties (subferrichromites and subalumoferrichromites), indicating postmagmatic alteration of the chromespinelides. Microinclusions of chlorites, plagioclases, amphiboles, and pyroxenes have been detected. The study results indicate a connection between chromespinels and ultramafic rocks of the Alpine-type massifs of the Polar Urals. Their transport and redeposition in the aquatic formations of the Keltmin Trough are largely related to the exaration activity of the glacier. The obtained data are consistent with our previously published study of the composition of aquatic sediments of the buried canyon, which indicate the involvement of Ural igneous and metamorphic complexes in the formation of these sediments, as well as the possibility of the supply of detrital material to the Keltmin Trough from ophiolite association rocks of ultramafic massifs of the Polar and Subpolar Urals.

Keywords: mineral composition, burial canyon, through valley, fluvioglacial deposits, alluvium, chromespinels, typomorphism, provenance source

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DOI: 10.19110/geov.2025.10.5

We discuss the current understanding of the nature and features of the ball lightning. Existing models for the formation and function of luminous spherical objects in the atmosphere are observed. The core features of the author's kvataron model are presented in detail. According to this model, the ball lightning is interpreted as a Coulomb crystal composed of charged clusters from a "hidden" phase — referred to as kvatarons. The model posits that the structural integrity and stability of ball lightning are maintained primarily by its internal crystalline lattice and surface energy. Crucially, the energy stored within the ball lightning, which is irradiated, is neither replenished from an external source nor is it derived from chemical energy.

Keywords: ball lightning, properties of ball lightning, ball lightning formation models and hypotheses, kvataron model of ball lightning

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